Table 4 Statements to collect NAM (psychological constructs) variables and the main descriptive statistics - (Obs. 171)

Social Dilemma (−)

If individually I do something for the environment it will not change anything

NAM1

3.15

2.231

1

7

If other local farmers do not participate in biomass agroenergy, I will not be willing to contribute to this supply chain either.

NAM2

2.64

1.927

1

7

If I do something for the environment, I am ingenuous, because I will always suffer the environmental consequences of damaging action committed by others

NAM3

2.72

1.959

1

7

Awareness of responsibility (+)

I see myself as a possible activist in the production of biomass (Arundo donax)

NAM4

4.56

1.610

1

7

I would like, in the future, to contribute actively to the production of energy from renewable and more environmentally sustainable resources.

NAM5

5.99

1.156

1

7

In the coming weeks I will improve my knowledge concerning the possibility of cultivating Arundo donax for biomass production

NAM6

5.29

1.348

1

7

Personal/social norms (+)

Participating in a collective action for producing biomass is for me important in order to contribute to helping the environment

NAM7

6.11

1.119

1

7

Contributing to the stewardship of the environment is a moral obligation

NAM8

5.85

1.427

1

7

Trust in other people’s cooperation (−)

I believe also other farmers in my area would be willing to start collective action for the production of biomass, obtaining clean energy and helping the environment

NAM9

5.08

1.493

1

7

My family and friends would be proud if I contributed to the production of energy from renewable resources through biomass production

NAM10

5.44

1.406

1

7

Awareness of consequences (+)

The best way to solve environmental issues is to act collectively

NAM11

6.68

0.795

1

7

Improvement in environmental conditions can only be achieved through collective action

NAM12

6.01

1.581

1

7