Table 2 Independent variables of the model, signs, measurements, and observed values
From: Is quality certification in fruit and vegetable production a market-driven choice in Greece?
Category | Factors/Independent variables | Expect. sign | Values | Type of variable | Aver. | Min. | Max. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MARKET conditions | Customers are interested in certified products | + | 1 – 5 | Discrete | 3,30 | 1 | 5 |
Buyers demand for implementation of QMS | + | 1 – 5 | Discrete | 2,85 | 1 | 5 | |
Buyers demand minimum quality requirements | + | 0 – 5 | Discrete | 2,23 | 0 | 5 | |
Expectations of easier selling | + | 1 – 5 | Discrete | 3,23 | 1 | 5 | |
Requirement of the cooperative | + | 1 – 5 | Discrete | 2,18 | 1 | 5 | |
Expectations of average price raise | + | 1 – 5 | Discrete | 3,08 | 1 | 5 | |
Advice – buyers’ recommendations | + | 1 – 5 | Discrete | 2,58 | 1 | 5 | |
Advice – suppliers’ recommendations | + | 1 – 5 | Discrete | 1,66 | 1 | 5 | |
Local quality defects or problems | + | 0 – 1 | Binary | 1,13 | 0 | 1 | |
Price uncertainty | ± | 1 – 4 | Discrete | 3,48 | 1 | 4 | |
Impelling – Penalisation and control exerted on behalf of the buyers | + | 0 – 3 | Discrete | 0,78 | 0 | 3 | |
PUBLIC POLICY measures | Participation in an agricultural development program | ± | 0 – 6 | Discrete | 0,16 | 0 | 3 |
Participation in a good practice implementation program | ± | No = 0, Yes = 1 | Binary | 0,22 | 0 | 1 | |
Expectation of subsidizing QMS implementation | + | 1 – 5 | Discrete | 1,23 | 1 | 4 | |
Absence of provision of appropriate information/technical support | – | 1 – 4 | Discrete | 2,89 | 1 | 4 | |
Penalisation and control exerted by the authorities | + | 0 – 3 | Discrete | 0,43 | 0 | 3 |