Do CAP direct payments stabilise farm income? Empirical evidences from a constant sample of Italian farms

Agricultural and Food Economics

Table 2 Variability of farm income over time within the considered groups and the whole sub-sample of farms with positive market income. Median of the coefficients of variation of farm income

		CV(FI)			CV(FI)
		Median^d			Median^d
Types of farming (TF):	TF		Economic size (ESU):
Specialist field crops	1	0.666 a b	Small (Classes 1, 2, 3)		0.734 a
Specialist horticulture	2	0.604 b c d	Medium (Classes 4, 5, 6)		0.606 b
Specialist permanent crops	3	0.659 a b	Large (Classes 7, 8)		0.619 b
Specialist grazing livestock	4	0.576 c d	PSE level:
Specialist granivore	5	0.725 a b	No DP	0	0.599 b c
Mixed cropping	6	0.710 a b	Low	1st	0.667 a b
Mixed livestock and Mixed crops-livestock	7	0.658 a b c	Low-Medium	2nd	0.629 a b c
			Medium-High	3rd	0.661 a b
Total sample		0.636	High	4th	0.617 a b c

Source: Own elaborations on a constant sample of the whole Italian FADN farms, years 2003–2012
^dDifferences between groups statistically significant at 5 % confidence interval according to Wilcoxon rank-sum test