Table 1 Summary statistics of the variables and food security status

Dietary diversity score

DDS

4.5739

1.2547

Real monthly per capita food expenditure

FOOD_exp

16,084.9

12,946.2

 Completely food insecure households from both indicators

FS_states = 3

0.1574

 Transitory food insecure based on FOOD_exp & food secure based on DDS

FS_states = 2

0.2394

 Transitory food insecure based on DDS & food secure based on FOOD_exp

FS_states = 1

0.1788

 Completely food secure households from both indicators

FS_states = 0

0.4244

 Average Dietary Diversity Index

DDI

0.5849

0.1892

  Real per capita total expenditure in Naira—a proxy for HH income^a

HH_INCOME

28,678.08

32,724.82

 Household size

HHSIZE

4.8479

2.9067

 Average year of education of the Household head (in years)

EDUCATION

7.3680

7.3580

 Household head that are male (1/0)

D_GENDER

0.8562

0.3509

 Household head with farming as major occupation (1/0)

D_OCCUPATION

0.6257

0.4839

 Households that only home-produced food consumed (1/0)

D_OWNPRODUCEONLY

0.0139

0.1172

 Household that only purchase food consumed (1/0)

D_PURCHASEONLY

0.3083

0.4618

 Households with member within <25 years (1/0)

D_AGE<20

0.0221

0.1470

 Households with member within 25–29 years (1/0)

D_AGE25-29

0.0659

0.2481

 Households with member within 30–34 years (1/0)

D_AGE30-34

0.1042

0.3056

 Households with member within 35–39 years (1/0)

D_AGE35-39

0.1226

0.3279

 Households with member within 40–44 years (1/0)

D_AGR40-44

0.1321

0.3386

 Households located in the rural areas (1/0)

D_RURAL

0.7613

0.4263

 Households located in the south-south SS region (1/0)

D_SOUTH-SOUTH

0.1512

0.3583

 Households located in the south-east SE region (1/0)

D_SOUTH-EAST

0.1421

0.3492

 Households located in the south-west SW region (1/0)

D_SOUTH-West

0.1697

0.3754

 Households located in the north-central NC region (1/0)

D_NORTH-CENTRAL

0.1768

0.3815

 Households located in the north-west NW region (1/0)

D_NORTH-WEST

0.2014

0.4010