Table 1 Descriptive statistics by the adoption status of DTMVs

Household size

6.4

6.9

6.3

0.6**

Gender (1 male, 0 female)

0.86

0.86

0.86

0

Age (yrs)

42

42.6

41.8

0.79

Years of education

6.46

6.69

6.42

0.26

Farm size (ha)

1.78

2.2

1.7

0.5*

Maize area (ha)

0.88

1.17

0.83

0.34***

Received free seed (1 = yes, 0 = otherwise)

0.03

0.12

0.02

− 0.10***

 Received Information on new varieties (%)

39

54

36

18***

 Sources of information (%)

 Other farmers

16

17

15

1

 Electronic Media

12

11

13

2

 Government

4

12

2

9**

 Input suppliers

3

5

2

3

 Field days

2

4

1

3**

 Membership in group(1 = yes, 0 = otherwise)

77

81

76

5

Distance to the market (km)

11.71

12.63

11.56

1.06

Households with incomes enough to save (%)

10

17

9

8**

Had dry spells in 2015 (1 = yes, 0 = otherwise)

0.76

0.76

0.75

0.01

Total livestock units owned

1.07

1.34

1.03

0.32**

Households are aware DTMVs (%)

57.9

100

51.0

48.9***

Household have access to seed (%)

40.7

100

31.1

68.8***

Households have access to affordable seed (%)

25.2

100

13.1

86.8***