Table 7 Endogenous switching for FSF adoption and input use
Variables | (SSF = 1) | (SSF = 0) | (SSF = 1/0) |
|---|---|---|---|
Propensity hire labor | Propensity hire labor | Selection | |
Farm income (ETB) | − 1.22e-06 (3.81e-06) | 9.36e-06 (7.53e-06) | 2.28e-06 (4.03e-06) |
Off farm income (ETB) | − 6.65e-06* (3.94e-06) | − 7.96e-06 (8.76e-06) | 3.62e-06* (2.11e-06) |
Area of cultivated land (ha) | 6.29e-05 (0.000191) | − 0.000420 (0.000260) | − 0.000272** (0.000130) |
Farm tool value (ETB) | − 0.000144** (6.68e-05) | − 1.21e-06 (8.31e-05) | 4.25e-05 (4.91e-05) |
Number of oxen | 0.235*** (0.0625) | 0.170* (0.0885) | − 0.0358 (0.0490) |
Total farm size (ha) | − 0.0527 (0.0644) | − 0.0117 (0.143) | 0.0381 (0.0600) |
Family labor (h) | 0.00430** (0.00170) | − 0.00484* (0.00288) | 0.00448*** (0.00121) |
Family size (number) | 0.0545 (0.0489) | − 0.0389 (0.0501) | 0.0223 (0.0307) |
Household head age (year) | − 0.00149 (0.0432) | 0.0169 (0.0511) | − 0.0660** (0.0312) |
Household head age square (year) | 9.79e-05 (0.000383) | − 9.17e-05 (0.000402) | 0.000402 (0.000265) |
Total herd size in TLU | 0.00798 (0.0513) | 0.209*** (0.0616) | − 0.0690** (0.0342) |
Number of cows | 0.231** (0.112) | − 0.194 (0.135) | 0.222*** (0.0711) |
Household head sex (male = 1) | 0.165 (0.294) | 0.340 (0.255) | 0.253 (0.172) |
Household head education (literate = 1) | − 0.0714 (0.186) | − 0.466* (0.254) | 0.294** (0.136) |
Access to formal credit (yes = 1) | − 0.286 (0.246) | − 0.374 (0.278) | 0.187 (0.152) |
Distance to free grazing land (walking minute) | − 0.00240 (0.00287) | 0.00497 (0.00666) | 0.0145*** (0.00225) |
Location of household (highland = 1) | − 0.543 (0.471) | 0.228 (0.435) | − 0.372 (0.333) |
Province 1 (Southern) | 1.032*** (0.340) | 1.898*** (0.503) | − 0.733*** (0.237) |
Province 2 (Eastern) | 0.627* (0.356) | 0.200 (0.588) | − 0.720** (0.297) |
Province 3 (Central) | − 1.201** (0.524) | − 0.378 (0.756) | − 0.0213 (0.299) |
Province 4 (North west) | 1.264*** (0.372) | 0.736 (0.635) | − 0.713*** (0.245) |
Animal shock experience (yes = 1) | Â | Â | 0.605*** (0.181) |
Exposure of SF (years) | Â | Â | 0.264*** (0.0701) |
Constant | − 2.190* (1.224) | − 1.905 (2.185) | 0.635 (1.006) |
rho1, rho0 | − 0.237 (0.416) | 0.0309 (0.673) |  |
LR test of indep. eqns (PV | Â | 0.8523 | Â |
Observations | 518 | 518 | 518 |