Table 2 Double-hurdle estimation factors affecting adoption of improved wheat (Craggit model)

Mean farm level pop. pressure at community level

0.018

(0.040)

− 0.163***

(0.038)

0.052

(0.046)

− 0.069**

(0.034)

0.049

(0.052)

− 0.054

(80.035

Deviation of farm level pop. pressure from community mean

0.013**

(0.005)

-0.003

(0.003)

0.014***

(0.005)

0.000

(0.001)

0.017***

(0.006)

0.000

(0.001)

Mean rainfall 2003–2014 (cm)

− 0.042**

(0.017)

− 0.010

(0.017)

− 0.052***

(0.018)

− 0.006

(0.014)

− 0.059***

(0.018)

− 0.008

(0.015)

St. Dev. rainfall 2003–2014 (cm)

0.179**

(0.100)

0.011

(0.100)

0.235**

(0.107)

0.055

(0.090)

0.279***

(0.108)

0.063

(0.091)

One-year lagged positive deviation rainfall (cm)

0.011

(0.012)

0.008

(0.010)

0.013

(0.012)

0.005

(0.009)

0.017

(0.012)

0.007

(0.010)

One-year lagged negative deviation rainfall cm)

− 0.018

(0.018)

0.004

(0.014)

− 0.021

(0.018)

− 0.008

(0.014)

− 0.022

(0.018)

− 0.004

(0.014)

Two-year lagged positive deviation rainfall (cm)

0.001

(0.023)

0.030

(0.019)

0.005

(0.024)

0.017

(0.018)

0.006

(0.024)

0.016

(0.019)

Two-year lagged negative deviation rainfall (cm)

0.030**

(0.012)

− 0.003

(0.007)

0.033***

(0.012)

0.000

(0.006)

0.031**

(0.012)

0.001

(0.007)

Distance to market (h)

− 0.056

(0.073)

0.072

(0.044)

-0.054

(0.075)

0.048

(0.038)

− 0.060

(0.075)

0.056

(0.037)

Year 2010 dummy

0.174

(0.157)

0.219**

(0.107)

− 0.016

(0.171)

0.168

(0.111)

0.072

(0.178)

0.227**

(0.124)

Year 2015 dummy

− 0.055

(0.259)

0.097

(0.170)

− 0.217

(0.262)

0.002

(0.157)

− 0.304

(0.263)

0.061

(0.165)

Constant

− 0.755*

(0.451)

1.105***

(0.324)

− 2.212**

(0.928)

− 0.605

(0.555)

− 2.354**

(1.136)

− 0.624

(0.653)

Sigma constant

0.427***

(0.030)

0.380***

(0.024)

0.371***

(0.024)

Chi²

35.04

75.57

84.29

Log-likehood

− 514.01

− 473.97

− 461.78

Prob > Chi²

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

814

192

814

192

814

192