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Table 3 Average treatment effects using IPWRA

From: Economics of contracts in African food systems: evidence from the malt barley sector in Ethiopia

Performance indicators

Mean outcome

Difference (ATT)

% change

Contract

Non-contract

Yield

19.41

18.75

3.34 (0.98)***

17.81

Price

993

822

208 (22.7)***

25.36

Share sold

0.66

0.52

0.18 (0.06)***

34.61

Cost

4702

3920

946 (84)***

24.13

Net income

13009

10755

4829 (1317)***

45.01

Product quality

2.5

2.07

0.83 (0.099)***

40.09

Other crops income

11809

7575

4811 (2112)**

63.51

  1. Source: Field survey, 2015; standard errors in parentheses;*** P < 0.01, ** P < 0.05, * P < 0.10