Skip to main content

Table 6 Summary statistics of farms who change to specialised suckler cow farm type and those who do not.

From: Structural change in the dairy sector: exit from farming and farm type change

Variable

Farm type change = 0

Farm type change = 1

Mean difference

Mean

Std. dev.

Mean

Std. dev.

(mean 1 − mean 0)

Number of workers (family): 0

0.001

0.024

0.001

0.026

0.000

 1

0.084

0.278

0.100

0.300

0.016**

 2

0.362

0.481

0.378

0.485

0.016

 3

0.297

0.457

0.295

0.456

− 0.002

 4

0.177

0.382

0.164

0.370

− 0.014

 5

0.045

0.206

0.036

0.187

− 0.008*

 > 5

0.035

0.183

0.027

0.161

− 0.008*

Apprentices (binary)

0.029

0.168

0.015

0.122

− 0.014***

Employees (binary)

0.126

0.332

0.127

0.333

0.001

Age of the farmer (years)

45.038

13.525

43.323

12.685

− 1.714***

Number of dairy cows

16.340

12.210

14.266

9.347

− 2.074***

Stocking rate (LU/UAA)

1.415

0.936

1.216

0.511

− 0.198***

Organic farm (binary)

0.122

0.327

0.194

0.396

0.072***

Animal welfare housing system (BTS, binary)

0.353

0.478

0.463

0.499

0.110***

Regularly keeping animals outdoors (RAUS, binary)

0.755

0.430

0.814

0.389

0.059***

Herfindahl–Hirschman index

0.412

0.115

0.404

0.114

− 0.008***

Direct payments in 1000 CHF

47.770

27.771

46.889

29.320

− 0.881

Ratio of direct payments/SO

0.422

0.226

0.437

0.182

0.016***

Milk price index (2015 = 100)

115.882

10.170

115.603

10.717

− 0.280

Gruyère (PDO region)

0.156

0.362

0.157

0.364

0.002

Raclette du Valais (PDO reg.)

0.042

0.200

0.027

0.163

− 0.014***

Rest of CH

0.803

0.398

0.815

0.388

0.012

Comparison salary in 2nd and 3rd sector in 1000 CHF

63.757

5.553

63.991

5.334

0.234*

Unemployment rate

0.024

0.009

0.024

0.009

0.001***

Valley region

0.217

0.412

0.203

0.403

− 0.013

Hill region

0.353

0.478

0.386

0.487

0.033***

Mountain region

0.431

0.495

0.411

0.492

− 0.020

Agricultural policy periods

 2000–2001

0.123

0.328

0.120

0.326

− 0.002

 2002–2006

0.298

0.457

0.300

0.458

0.002

 2007–2008

0.114

0.318

0.114

0.317

− 0.001

 2009–2013

0.269

0.443

0.199

0.400

− 0.069***

 2014–2018

0.197

0.397

0.267

0.443

0.070***

Number of observations

439,534

 

1461

  
  1. t-statistic of mean difference calculated as \(({\mathrm{Mean}}_{1}-{\mathrm{Mean}}_{0})/\sqrt{\frac{\left({\mathrm{Std}.\mathrm{ dev}.}_{1}^{2}\right)}{{N}_{1}}+\frac{\left({\mathrm{Std}.\mathrm{ dev}.}_{0}^{2}\right)}{{N}_{0}}}\)
  2. ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.1