Table 5 Market dominance using Wald test in the VECM
From: Spatial market integration of rice in Bangladesh in the presence of transaction cost
Market pairs | Causality test | Results | |
|---|---|---|---|
H0: α1 = 0 vs | H0: α2 = 0 vs | ||
\(H_{1} :\alpha_{1} \ne 0{ }\) | \(H_{1} :\alpha_{2} \ne 0{ }\) | ||
Mymensingh-Dhaka | 1.102 | 2.767** | Unidirectional |
Rajshahi-Dhaka | 0.465 | 6.320*** | Unidirectional |
Khulna-Dhaka | 2.055 | 8.077*** | Unidirectional |
Chattogram-Dhaka | 4.393*** | 4.198*** | Bidirectional |
Rajshahi-Mymensingh | 1.112 | 4.196*** | Unidirectional |
Chattogram-Mymensingh | 6.132*** | 0.533 | Unidirectional |
Khulna-Mymensingh | 3.529** | 1.810 | Unidirectional |
Khulna-Rajshahi | 6.895*** | 3.643** | Bidirectional |
Chattogram-Rajshahi | 9.653*** | 0.737 | Unidirectional |
Chattogram-Khulna | 6.169*** | 3.596** | Bidirectional |