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Table 8 Augmented Dickey–Fuller unit root test for the relative price, micronutrient-dense food prices, and starchy staple food prices

From: Analysis of long-term prices of micronutrient-dense and starchy staple foods in developing countries

Country

Micronutrient-dense foods

Starchy staples

Relative prices

Country

Micronutrient-dense foods

Starchy staples

Relative prices

India

− 2.926

− 5.600***

− 4.819***

Peru

− 4.695***

− 3.401*

− 5.452***

Philippians

− 3.272*

− 4.345***

− 3.562**

Tunisia

− 4.236**

− 2.276

− 2,232

Azerbaijan

− 2.276

− 3.075

− 3.081

South Africa

− 3.947**

− 2.237

− 2.555

Costa Rica

− 1.766

− 1.030

− 2.689

Samoa

− 3.041

− 3.426**

− 3.632**

Dominican Republic

− 4.749

− 2.174

− 3.389*

Tajikistan

− 2.164

− 4.031**

− 3.930**

El Salvador

− 3.280*

− 3.231*

− 4.128**

Kenya

− 1.350

− 1.850

− 1.182

Georgia

− 3.371*

− 2.306

− 2.858

Uganda

− 5.576***

− 4.561**

− 5.117***

Haiti

− 3.825**

− 3.100

− 3.358*

Nicaragua

− 3.339*

− 3.408**

− 3.652**

Kazakhstan

− 1.557

− 2.317

− 1.776

Burundi

− 3.672**

− 2.643

− 3.672**

Mauritania

− 2.025

− 4.298***

− 3.129*

Botswana

− 4.665***

− 3.994**

− 2.289

Mongolia

− 4.496**

− 2.965

− 3.734**

Cameroon

− 3.308*

− 3.095

− 2.815

Kyrgyzstan

− 2.197

− 3.021

− 3.439*

International

− 6.786***

− 4,118**

− 4.482***

  1. Dickey–Fuller test. *, **, *** are 10%, 5%, and 1% significance levels