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Table 2 Summary statistics

From: Does contract farming affect technical efficiency? Evidence from soybean farmers in Northern Ghana

Variable

Pooled

Contract farming

Non-contract farming

t-ratio

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Gender of the farmer

0.65

0.48

0.60

0.49

0.69

0.46

− 2.06**

Basic education

0.23

0.42

0.24

0.43

0.23

0.42

0.32

Secondary education

0.13

0.34

0.14

0.35

0.12

0.32

0.9

Tertiary education

0.07

0.25

0.06

0.23

0.07

0.26

− 0.88

Household size

7.54

5.18

8.43

6.88

6.82

3.09

3.59***

Soy farming experience

12.94

8.78

13.13

10.1

12.79

7.58

0.45

Land size

3.08

2.95

3.54

3.71

2.72

2.09

3.2***

Household asset index

0.003

2.00

− 0.33

1.83

0.26

2.10

− 3.37***

Farmer specialization

3.44

7.03

4.66

9.46

2.48

3.97

3.59***

Off-farm activities

0.41

0.49

0.36

0.48

0.46

0.50

− 2.2**

Labor (person days)

66.45

35.01

72.43

36.0

61.71

33.48

3.54***

Extension contacts

2.08

1.66

2.70

1.38

1.59

1.70

8.13***

Credit Access

0.38

0.49

0.42

0.49

0.34

0.48

1.81*

FBO membership

0.50

0.50

0.59

0.49

0.44

0.50

3.5***

Distance to market

5.72

10.27

6.32

13.6

5.24

6.47

1.21

Occurrence of drought

0.02

1.19

0.20

1.34

− 0.13

1.03

3.29***

Risk aversion

0.65

0.48

0.68

0.47

0.62

0.49

1.5

Regional dummy

0.51

0.50

0.42

0.49

0.58

0.49

− 3.70***

  1. ***, **, and * denote significance at 1%, 5%, and 10% levels, respectively