Does contract farming affect technical efficiency? Evidence from soybean farmers in Northern Ghana

Agricultural and Food Economics

Table 6 Determinants of technical efficiency

Variable	Pooled		Contract farmers		Non-contract farmers
Variable	Coefficient	Z-stat	Coefficient	Z-stat	Coefficient	Z-stat
Gender of the farmer	− 0.133	− 0.51	− 0.303	− 0.56	− 0.155	− 0.5
Basic education	0.157	0.57	0.225	0.45	0.1594	0.47
Secondary education	− 1.293**	− 2.03	− 2.236	− 1.12	− 1.134*	− 1.64
Tertiary education	− 0.420	− 0.7	− 0.519	− 0.45	− 0.966	− 1.11
Household asset index	− 0.245*	− 1.84	− 0.253	− 0.91	− 0.300**	− 2.08
Off-farm activities	0.438*	1.66	0.866**	2.41	0.127	0.43
Dependency ratio	0.524	1.13	0.109	0.13	0.625	1.13
Access to training	− 0.570**	− 1.99	− 0.254**	− 2.15	− 0.866**	− 2.37
Farm size	0.089	0.55	− 0.241	− 0.6	0.338	1.39
Adoption of IPT	− 0.031	− 0.31	− 0.108	− 0.5	− 0.086	− 0.72
Constant	− 1.995	− 3.9	− 2.240	− 2.22	− 1.698	− 2.92