What sets cooperative farmers apart from non-cooperative farmers? A transaction cost economics analysis of coffee farmers in Mexico

Agricultural and Food Economics

Table 4 Test of means across TCE variables affecting the farmer’s cooperative affiliation decision model after balancing PSM treatment

	Mean		T test
	Treated	Control	t	Difference p value
Shade-grown coffee	0.27	0.24	0.48	0.63
Income from coffee	88.28	92.32	− 1.47	0.14
No off-farm income	0.59	0.62	− 0.34	0.73
Coffee farming experience	36.51	31.78	1.46	0.15
Low-level market competition	− 1.18	− 1.13	− 0.48	0.63
Farmland size	3.89	4.01	− 0.24	0.81
Farmland size squared	24.44	26.04	− 0.25	0.81
Altitude	1,100.30	1,081.90	0.73	0.47
Education level	5.67	5.52	1.19	0.24
Private land	0.70	0.68	0.36	0.72