From: Institutional contributions to agricultural producer price stability
 |  | Coefficient (standard error) |  |  |
---|---|---|---|---|
 | Main models |  |  | Supplementary model |
Explanatory variable | OLS | CFE | IPFE | IPFE with all explanatory variables |
Intercept | 0.27(0.04)*** | Â | Â | Â |
Country (Russia = 0; Switzerland = 1) |  − 0.01(0.03) |  |  − 0.02(0.03) |  − 0.04(0.04) |
   Russia |  | 0.17(0.03)*** |  |  |
   Switzerland |  | 0.16(0.04)*** |  |  |
Time: trend |  − 0.01(0.01) | 0(0) |  − 0.01(0.01) |  − 0.01(0.01) |
Institutional period: stable institutions | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   2004–2007 |  − 0.06(0.02)* |  | 0.2(0.04)*** | 0.24(0.05)*** |
   2010–2013 |  − 0.03(0.01)* |  − 0.01(0.01) | 0.21(0.07)** | 0.25(0.08)** |
   2016–2019 |  − 0.04(0.02)* |  − 0.06(0.02)** | 0.19(0.11) . | 0.23(0.11) * |
Institutional period: transitions | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   2008–2009–Crisis |  | 0.04(0.02)* | 0.25(0.06)*** | 0.30(0.06)*** |
   2014–2015–Policy change |  |  | 0.24(0.09)** | 0.27(0.1)** |
Agro-holding structure |  |  |  |  − 0.03(0.03) |
Domestic producer price is higher than world price (yes = 1) |  |  |  |  − 0.02(0.02) |
Dummy on type of production (crop = 0; animal = 1) |  − 0.03(0.01)** |  − 0.03(0.01)** |  − 0.03(0.01)* |  − 0.02(0.02) |
Investment subsidies in previous period (yes = 1) |  |  |  − 0.02(0.03) |  − 0.01(0.03) |
Purchasing interventions or quotas (yes = 1) |  |  |  |  − 0.01(0.02) |
Price negotiations or recommendations (yes = 1) |  − 0.01(0.01) |  − 0.01(0.01) |  − 0.01(0.01) |  − 0.01(0.01) |
Production in small and medium farms (yes = 1) |  |  |  |  − 0.02(0.03) |
Sector liberalisation (yes = 1) |  |  |  |  − 0.02(0.02) |
Ratio of exports to production | 0.05(0.06) | 0.04(0.06) | 0.04(0.06) | 0.07(0.07) |
Ratio of imports to consumption |  − 0.07(0.02)** |  − 0.07(0.02)** |  − 0.07(0.02)** |  − 0.07(0.03)* |
Specialisation (yes = 1) |  |  |  |  − 0.0004(0.02) |
Supply net integration (yes = 1) |  − 0.06(0.03)* |  − 0.06(0.03)* |  − 0.05(0.03) . |  − 0.04(0.04) |