Does contract farming affect technical efficiency? Evidence from soybean farmers in Northern Ghana

Agricultural and Food Economics

Table 5 T tests of technical efficiency using matched samples

Variable	Conventional SPF				Sample selection SPF
Variable	Mean TE	SD	Min	Max	Mean TE	SD	Min	Max
Unmatched sample
Pooled	0.76	0.08	0.38	0.92
Contract farmers (CF)	0.78	0.07	0.51	0.91	0.77	0.08	0.42	0.91
Non-participants (NP)	0.73	0.10	0.30	0.93	0.69	0.14	0.23	0.91
Difference (contract farming–NP)	0.05***				0.09***
Matched sample
Pooled	0.76	0.08	0.40	0.92
Contract farmers (CF)	0.79	0.06	0.53	0.91	0.77	0.07	0.50	0.92
Non-participants (NP)	0.74	0.10	0.31	0.93	0.71	0.12	0.34	0.91
Difference (contract farming–NP)	0.05***				0.06***