Table 5 Resilience of what? Results from the subjects of the resilience assessment

Agri-food supply chain (general)/food systems

Clavijo-Buritica et al. (2023) Hossard et al. (2021), Paas et al. (2021), Haqiqi and Bahalou Horeh (2021), Volkov et al. (2021), Zhao et al. (2018), Heckelman et al. (2018), Coopmans et al. (2021), Jacobi et al. (2018), Karan et al. (2023), Diserens et al. (2018), Dixon et al. (2021)

Households

Upton et al. (2022), Williams et al. (2020), Béné et al. (2017), Keil et al. (2008)

Soil—landscape

Cetinkaya Ciftcioglu (2022), Maydana et al. (2020), Rescia and Ortega (2018)

Country

Ibarraran Viniegra et al. (2010), Chaudhary et al. (2018)

Water management—water

Xu et al. (2021), Maydana et al. (2020)

Crops

Meldrum et al. (2018)

Aquaculture system

Valenti et al. (2018)

Ecosystem (e.g., forestry)

Sharma and Kumar Goyal (2018)

Water–energy–food nexus

Nunez-Lopez et al. (2022)