Table 5 Mean difference in some welfare indicators between market participants and non-participants
Variable | All | Market participants (N = 398) | Non-market participants (N = 165) | Difference | t-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Consumption expend. per capita ( | 21897.78 (954.84) | 27015.49 (2474.14) | 19776.11 (859.47) | 7239.38 (2077.27) | 3.49*** |
Rice income per hectare ( | 223555.90 (6109.67) | 242161.20 (7584.32) | 178677.80 (9122.47) | 63483.32 (13164.66) | 4.82*** |
Rice income per capita ( | 28503.33 (1054.86) | 31107.86 (1401.26) | 22220.53 (1097.74) | 8887.84 (2289.01) | 3.88*** |
Total farm income per capita ( | 43188.73 (1607.10) | 45329.88 (2168.30) | 38024.03 (1586.53) | 7305.85 (3520.42) | 2.08** |
Average yield (kg/ha) | 3271.07 (94.35) | 3587.00 (118.42) | 2509.06 (131.13) | 1078.00 (202.42) | 5.33*** |
Total farm size (ha) | 2.59 (0.09) | 2.47 (0.11) | 2.91 (0.16) | 0.45 (0.20) | 2.21** |
Access to credit (%) | 23.45 (0.02) | 28.14 (0.02) | 12.12 (0.03) | 16.02 (0.04) | 4.14*** |