Label information and consumer behaviour: evidence on drinking milk sector

Marchini, Andrea; Riganelli, Chiara; Diotallevi, Francesco; Polenzani, Bianca

doi:10.1186/s40100-021-00177-5

Agricultural and Food Economics

Table 4 Model estimation: beta coefficients and odds ratio for voluntary label disclosure

From: Label information and consumer behaviour: evidence on drinking milk sector

	(Model 4)		(Model 5)		(Model 6)
Variables	Local origin		Cattle feed		Environmental sustainability
Variables	β	Odds ratio	β	Odds ratio	β	Odds ratio
Loyalty	1.15*** [0.25]	3.15*** [0.78]	− 0.11 [0.25]	1.12 [0.27]	− 0.34 [0.21]	0.71 [0.15]
Proximity to the store	− 0.83 [0.23]	0.92 [0.21]	0.15 [0.24]	1.16 [0.27]	0.44** [0.22]	1.56** [0.35]
Price	− 0.19 [0.23]	0.82 [0.19]	− 0.27 [0.23]	0.76 [0.18]	0.08 [0.21]	1.08 [0.23]
Cattle welfare	0.35 [0.24]	1.42 [0.34]	1.40*** [0.29]	4.06*** [1.20]	2.08*** [0.31]	7.98*** [2.44]
Packaging	1.05*** [0.30]	2.86*** [0.86]	0.71** [0.28]	2.04** [0.57]	0.42 [0.26]	1.52 [0.39]
Food safety	0.24 [0.31]	1.27 [0.39]	0.37 [0.38]	1.44 [0.54]	− 0.01 [0.40]	0.99 [0.39]
Freshness	0.67 [0.48]	1.95 [0.93]	0.49 [0.37]	1,63 [0.59]	− 0.27 [0.42]	0.76 [0.32]
Taste	− 0.41 [0.45]	0.66 [0.30]	0.04 [0.33]	1,04 [0.35]	0.61* [0.36]	1.84* [0.66]
Habits—purchase of milk	0.06 [0.24]	1.06 [0.26]	− 0.23 [0.23]	0.79 [0.18]	0.21 [0.24]	1.24 [0.30]
Habits—purchase of dairy products	− 0.40* [0.21]	0.67* [0.14]	− 0.09 [0.23]	1.10 [0.25]	− 0.08 [0.22]	0.92 [0.20]
Responsible of food expenses	0.37 [0.30]	1.44 [0.43]	0.13 [0.29]	1,14 [0.34]	0.08 [0.28]	1.08 [0.30]
Food-related disease	− 0.88*** [0.28]	0.42*** [0.12]	0.43 [0.28]	1.54 [0.42]	0.60* [0.32]	1.82* [0.59]
Children	− 0.11 [0.35]	0.89 [0.31]	− 0.25 [0.30]	0,78 [0.23]	− 0.09 [0.27]	0.92 [0.24]
Farm ownership	0.50 [0.49]	1.64 [0.80]	− 0.07 [0.47]	0,93 [0.44]	− 0.99* [0.51]	0.37* [0.19]
Organic concern	0.96*** [0.23]	2.60*** [0.61]	1.10*** [0.26]	3.00*** [0.77]	1.05*** [0.24]	2.86*** [0.68]
SOC—woman	0.34 [0.24]	1.40 [0.34]	0.08 [0.22]	1.09 [0.24]	− 0.30 [0.21]	0.74 [0.16]
SOC—age: 31–45	0.28 [0.29]	1.32 [0.39]	0.84*** [0.29]	2.31*** [0.66]	0.16 [0.30]	1.17 [0.35]
SOC—age: > 46	1.26*** [0.35]	3.51*** [1.23]	1.75*** [0.35]	5.74*** [2.00]	0.83** [0.34]	2.30** [0.79]
SOC—household size: 2 members	− 0.72** [0.37]	0.48** [0.18]	0.12 [0.39]	1.13 [0.45]	− 0.56 [0.39]	0.57 [0.22]
SOC—household size: 3 members	− 0.29 [0.44]	0.75 [0.33]	− 0.10 [0.50]	0.91 [0.45]	− 0.52 [0.52]	0.60 [0.31]
SOC—household size: 4 members	− 0.34 [0.43]	0.71 [0.31]	0.42 [0.48]	1.52 [0.72]	− 0.83* [0.49]	0.44* [0.22]
SOC—household size: > 4 members	− 0.75 [0.51]	0.47 [0.24]	− 0.15 [0.54]	0.86 [0.46]	− 0.84 [0.54]	0.43 [0.23]
SOC—education: high school	2.19*** [0.56]	8.96*** [5.04]	0.94 [1.43]	2.55 [3.64]	0.19 [0.49]	1.21 [0.59]
SOC—education: degree	2.24*** [0.56]	9.41*** [5.25]	0.66 [1.44]	1.94 [2.79]	0.02 [0.49]	1.02 [0.50]
SOC—household income: from 36,151.98 to 70,000.00€	0.50** [0.23]	1.64** [0.38]	− 0.58** [0.25]	0.56** [0.14]	− 0.05 [0.23]	0.96 [0.22]
SOC—household income: from 70,000.00 to 100,000.00€	0.52 [0.35]	1.68 [0.59]	− 0.59* [0.32]	0.55* [0.18]	− 0.06 [0.36]	0.94 [0.34]
Cut 1	1.23 [0.86]		0.21 [1.59]		− 2.16 [0.87]
Cut 2	1.65 [0.85]		1.05 [1.59]		− 1.09 [0.84]
Cut 3	2.47 [0.85]		2.07 [1.59]		− 0.02 [0.81]
Cut 4	3.26 [0.84]		2.90 [1.60]		0.81 [0.81]
Cut 5	4.30 [0.85]		4.03 [1.59]		1.84 [0.81]
Cut 6	5.75 [0.85]		5.37 [1.59]		3.52 [0.82]
Obs	426		426		426
Pseudo R2	0.1366		0.1427		0.1400

***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.10. There are robust standard errors in brackets

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