Table 2 Description of the data envelopment analysis’ input variables and variables of the t-test; average values (av) and standard deviation (st.dev)
From: Technical efficiency and productivity of farms: a periurban case study analysis
Variables | Unit | Description | Total sample av (st.dev) | Total sample max–min | Livestock farms av (st.dev) | Crop farms av (st.dev) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Output | ||||||
 Revenues | €’000 | Total revenues of the farm, including revenues from the sale of the product, the revenues from multifunctional agriculture, CAP payment. | 519.33 (603.33) | 2977.97–77.00 | 731.96 (825.95) | 357.72 (278.49) |
Input | ||||||
 Land | ha | Usable agricultural area | 78 (76) | 404–5 | 90 (91) | 70 (62) |
 EXPE | €’000 | Variable costs of the farm: purchase of seeds, seedlings, fertilizers, plant protection products, veterinary expenses (materials + work performance), fodder, feed, irrigating water, electricity, fuels (methane, LPG, other), insurances, accounting technical consultancy, banking services, membership fees for trade associations, rental of machinery, means of transport and other goods, agricultural work performed by third parties, charges for the management of the farm, fuels | 187.76 (356.39) | 2059.71–13.07 | 346.50 (540.77) | 108.65 (77.61) |
 Work | €’000 | Cost for familiar and non-familiar manpower | 121.738 (966.3) | 535.50–28.80 | 137.62 (83.44) | 109.67 (105.63) |
Discriminatory analysis | Â | |||||
 VALT | % | Percentage of total revenues from SFSCs: direct on-farm sale, food processing and sale, sale in farmers markets, groceries, schools’ canteens, solidarity purchasing groups. | 14.16 (19.09) | 98.56–0.00 | 14.18 (22.74) | 14.16 (16.29) |
 VCONV | % | Percentage of total revenues from CFNs | 64.5 (27.6) | 94.77–0.00 | 72.12 (22.30) | 58.14 (25.21) |
 MULT | % | Percentage of total revenues from multifunctional agriculture: didactic farms, agritourism, sub-contractor, on-farm processing | 29.50 (32.94) | 98.56–0.00 | 8.58 (22.10) | 20.47 (28.23) |
 AGE | % | Percentage of employers younger than 40 years old | 25.34 (20.52) | 60.68–0.00 | 32.61 (20.82) | 19.82 (18.86) |
 EDUC | % | Percentage of employers with high school or university diploma | 73.63 (27.27) | 100.00–0.00 | 71.03 (23.29) | 76.61 (30.27) |