Table 4 Double-hurdle models for adoption of Cash crops (Craggit models)

Mean farm-level population pressure at community level

0.391***

(0.129)

− 0.792**

(0.325)

0.517***

(0.167)

− 0.303

(0.225)

0.488***

(0.172)

− 0.211

(0.207)

Deviation of farm-level population pressure from community mean

0.067

(0.066)

− 0.073

(0.094)

0.138

(0.089)

0.098

(0.100)

0.117

(0.093)

0.094

(0.083)

Mean rainfall 2003–2014 (cm)

− 0.019

(0.013)

− 0.018

(0.017)

− 0.020

(0.013)

− 0.017

(0.014)

− 0.026**

(0.014)

− 0.017

(0.014)

St. Dev. rainfall 2003–2014 (cm)

0.273**

(0.126)

0.358*

(0.211)

0.313**

(0.129)

0.386**

(0.174)

0.328**

(0.143)

0.364**

(0.158)

One-year lagged positive deviation rainfall (cm)

0.028**

(0.012)

0.000

(0.014)

0.026**

(0.012)

0.000

(0.012)

0.032**

(0.013)

0.004

(0.011)

One-year lagged negative deviation rainfall (cm)

− 0.017

(0.054)

− 0.002

(0.091)

− 0.024

(0.059)

0.019

(0.068)

− 0.044

(0.062)

0.001

(0.060)

Two-year lagged positive deviation rainfall (cm)

0.041

(0.040)

− 0.018

(0.040)

0.026

(0.038)

− 0.035

(0.041)

0.035

(0.041)

− 0.057

(0.035)

Two-year lagged negative deviation rainfall (cm)

− 0.037

(0.028)

0.011

(0.035)

− 0.039

(0.029)

0.007

(0.026)

− 0.033

(0.031)

0.014

(0.023)

Distance to market (h)

− 0.018

(0.109)

− 0.063

(0.101)

− 0.016

(0.112)

− 0.060

(0.091)

− 0.041

(0.111)

− 0.059

(0.090)

Year 2010 dummy

− 1.231***

(0.337)

0.020

(0.533)

− 1.416***

(0.378)

− 0.383

(0.389)

− 1.395***

(0.402)

− 0.464

(0.361)

Year 2015 dummy

− 1.404***

(0.477)

0.161

(0.776)

− 1.597***

(0.513)

0.193

(0.560)

− 2.077***

(0.586)

0.140

(0.511)

Constant

− 1.616*

(0.875)

− 0.850

(1.530)

− 0.537

(1.288)

− 1.564

(1.374)

− 0.220

(1.536)

0.300

(1.458)

Sigma constant

0.567***

(0.080)

0.481***

(0.063)

0.444***

(0.063)

Chi²

39.22

53.16

60.49

Log-likelihood

− 174.356

− 161.095

− 150.56

Prob > Chi²

0.0000

0.0000

0.0004

298

90

298

90

298

90