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Table 4 Estimated marginal effects for the unconditional and conditional adoption of no-tillage, cover crops and manure

From: Assessing the joint adoption and complementarity between in-field conservation practices of Kansas farmers

Variables

Unconditional practice adoption

Conditional adoption

No-tillage

Cover crops

Use of manure

Cover crops given no-tillage adopted

Use of manure given no-tillage adopted

KW factor

− 1.246***

(0.446)

0.427

(0.305)

0.067

(0.263)

0.048

(0.274)

0.515*

(0.313)

Available water content

2.635***

(0.815)

− 0.900

(0.587)

− 0.202

(0.474)

0.014

(0.496)

− 1.002*

(0.569)

Std slope

− 0.0028

(0.0076)

0.0024

(0.0044)

− 0.0080*

(0.0049)

− 0.0040

(0.0052)

− 0.0019

(0.0053)

Farm size

0.00010***

(0.000014)

− 0.0000019

(0.0000080)

0.0000013

(0.0000065)

− 0.0000035

(0.0000053)

0.00000029

(0.0000011)

Rental percentage

0.157***

(0.034)

− 0.012

(0.024)

0.0060

(0.019)

0.021

(0.016)

0.013

(0.020)

Irrigation percentage

0.118

(0.094)

− 0.184

(0.123)

0.048

(0.037)

− 0.093

(0.071)

0.041

(0.045)

EQIP and CSP

0.124***

(0.038)

0.041**

(0.019)

0.00062

(0.023)

0.030*

(0.017)

0.017

(0.019)

Experience

− 0.0014*

(0.00076)

− 0.00023

(0.00043)

− 0.00077*

(0.00048)

0.00011

(0.00046)

− 0.00096*

(0.00058)

Risk avoider

− 0.015

(0.022)

− 0.022*

(0.013)

0.0015

(0.013)

− 0.024*

(0.014)

− 0.012

(0.016)

Off_Farm employ

0.068***

(0.023)

− 0.0065

(0.014)

− 0.0044

(0.013)

0.0074

(0.014)

− 0.011

(0.015)

Crop insurance

0.030

(0.023)

− 0.017

(0.013)

− 0.015

(0.013)

− 0.0085

(0.014)

− 0.024

(0.016)

Gender

0.102**

(0.052)

− 0.043*

(0.023)

− 0.017

(0.033)

− 0.051**

(0.026)

− 0.067**

(0.031)

College

0.068***

(0.024)

− 0.016

(0.015)

0.024*

(0.013)

− 0.0034

(0.013)

0.0048

(0.015)

Livestock

− 0.055**

( 0.024)

− 0.012

(0.013)

0.081***

(0.019)

0.0022

(0.013)

0.061***

(0.018)

West

0.021

(0.033)

− 0.021

(0.018)

0.032*

(0.019)

− 0.019

(0.020)

0.047**

(0.022)

East

0.098***

(0.029)

− 0.064***

(0.022)

0.028*

(0.017)

− 0.036**

(0.018)

0.036*

(0.020)

Average PZ

− 0.100

(0.123)

− 0.094

(0.079)

0.089

(0.074)

0.062

(0.080)

0.055

(0.076)

Std PZ

0.102

(0.116)

0.011

(0.073)

− 0.106

(0.067)

− 0.088

(0.073)

− 0.108

(0.082)

  1. Standard errors are presented in parentheses
  2. ***,**,* indicates statistical significance at 1%, 5% and 10% level, respectively. Marginal effects are estimated as partial average effects following Greene (2012). The number of observations was 2091