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Table 8 Validity tests of instruments

From: Nonfarm activity and market participation by farmers in Ghana

Outcome

Test

 
 

Under-identification

Over-identification

 

Kleibergen–Paap LM statistic

Hansen J statistic

Sales quantity (kg)

11.946***

2.369 (0.124)

Sales value (GHS)

0.249 (0.618)

Inorganic fertiliser

0.763 (0.383)

Seed

0.724 (0.127)

Insecticide

1.373 (0.241)

Herbicide

0.073 (0.787)

Productivity

0.059 (0.808)

  1. p values in parenthesis; ***p < 0.01