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Agricultural and Food Economics

Table 5 Multinomial logit and latent class models

From: Better richer than environmentally friendly? Describing preferences toward and factors affecting precision agriculture adoption in Italy

Variable

MNL

Latent Class Model

Class 1

Class 2

Class 3

Coeff. (S.E.)

Coeff. (S.E.)

WTP° (€000/equipment)

Coeff. (S.E.)

WTP (€000/equipment)

Coeff. (S.E.)

WTP (€000/equipment)

OptOut

-1.23 (0.13)***

-2.30

(0.18)***

–

3.32 (0.47)***

–

-5.65 (1.23)***

–

Price

-0.03 (0.00)***

-0.01

(0.00)***

–

-0.02 (0.01)***

–

-0.19 (0.01)***

–

Significant yield increase

0.16 (0.06)***

0.03

(0.07)

–

1.07 (0.21)***

62.96

-2.12 (1.02)***

-11.40

Low yield increase

-0.49 (0.10)***

-0.96

(0.12)***

-68.94

-1.07 (0.37)***

-63.10

-2.13

(1.06)***

-11.46

Electric

0.09

(0.09)

0.31

(0.11)***

22.11

1.36 (0.33)***

80.34

-3.77 (1.18)***

-20.24

Industry leader

0.26 (0.11)***

0.11

(0.13)

–

1.60 (0.39)***

94.28

3.36

(2.04)

–

Low emissions

0.22 (0.06)***

0.22

(0.08)***

15.96

0.45

(0.27)**

26.47

2.04 (0.32)***

10.98

High emissions

-0.82 (0.11)***

-0.94

(0.14)***

-67.84

-1.89 (0.51)***

-111.77

0.36

(1.12)

–

Average probability

0.63

 

0.16

 

0.21

  
  1. ***Significant at a 95% conf. level; ** Significant at a 90% conf. level
  2. °Willingness to Pay is expressed in thousands € / equipment
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