| Organic farms (n = 80) | Conventional farms (n = 181) |  |  |
---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Mean | Mean | Mean difference | |
Production value per land | 67.470 | 62.916 | 4.554 | |
 | (41.370) | (46.060) |  | |
Labor inputs per land | 3.387 | 9.057 |  − 5.670*** | |
 | (3.395) | (8.901) |  | |
Paid cost per land | 5.348 | 12.300 |  − 6.952*** | |
 | (8.772) | (17.545) |  | |
Paid wage cost per land | 20.981 | 18.500 | 2.481 | |
 | (28.388) | (22.372) |  | |
Trees per land | 143.585 | 157.020 |  − 13.435** | |
 | (41.523) | (41.178) |  | |
Family labor | 4.875 | 4.530 | 0.345 | |
 | (4.126) | (4.151) |  | |
Wage labor | 3.950 | 4.243 |  − 0.293 | |
 | (4.449) | (6.828) |  | |
Capital-land ratio | 18.490 | 28.423 |  − 9.933 | |
 | (31.441) | (143.158) |  | |
Age | 55.738 | 54.298 | 1.439 | |
 | (12.377) | (11.032) |  | |
Education | 12.725 | 12.420 | 0.305 | |
 | (4.715) | (4.727) |  | |
Farm years | 24.725 | 21.099 | 3.626** | |
 | (11.085) | (12.683) |  | |
Olive trees | 6.027 | 3.255 | 2.772*** | |
 | (4.969) | (3.689) |  | |
Age olive trees | 37.988 | 39.193 |  − 1.206 | |
 | (21.509) | (24.155) |  | |
Share of irrigated area | 7.639 | 11.057 |  − 3.419 | |
 | (13.671) | (20.651) |  | |
Price olive oil | 23.419 | 22.510 | 0.909*** | |
 | (1.818) | (2.462) |  | |
Biennial bearing | 0.525 | 0.459 | 0.066 | |
 | (0.503) | (0.500) |  | |
Distance to mill | 4.320 | 4.148 | 0.172 | |
 | (6.135) | (4.280) |  | |
Access to Cannan | 0.688 | 0.033 | 0.654*** | |
 | (0.466) | (0.180) |  | |
Modern olive presses | 58.700 | 58.387 | 0.313 | |
 | (3.004) | (2.945) |  |