Variables | Mean or % | SD |
---|---|---|
Dependent variable: adoption stage | ||
Pre-contemplation (% of respondents) | 25.00 | N/A |
Contemplation (% of respondents) | 39.43 | N/A |
Action and Maintenance (% of respondents) | 35.57 | N/A |
Independent variables: I. Farmers’ value in farming and intercropping knowledge | ||
LandConsevValue (Perceived importance of environmental issues in farming) | ||
Keep farming land for future generations* | 4.35 | 0.75 |
Improving soil condition* | 4.06 | 0.76 |
Work and live in nice surroundings* | 4.36 | 0.72 |
Farming in a pro-environmental way* | 3.90 | 0.77 |
InstrumentalValue | ||
Supporting the family from farm income* | 3.48 | 1.14 |
Expanding the farm business* | 2.82 | 1.09 |
Maximizing profits from farming: important value* | 3.64 | 0.97 |
Meeting challenges from farming* | 3.22 | 1.06 |
Intercropping knowledge (self-reported) | ||
Optimal timing of harvest* | 2.49 | 1.01 |
Crop variety performance* | 2.45 | 1.06 |
Crop management* | 2.49 | 1.12 |
Characteristics of crop varieties* | 2.63 | 1.10 |
II. Perceived Benefit of intercropping | ||
EnviBenefit (Perceived environmental benefits) | ||
Intercropping helps farmers adapt to climate change better* | 3.32 | 0.80 |
Intercropping is environmentally friendly* | 3.41 | 0.82 |
Intercropping buffers crop failure from changing climate* | 3.39 | 0.80 |
Intercropping increases agroecosystem biodiversity* | 3.74 | 0.89 |
FinanceBenefit (Perceived financial benefits) | ||
Intercropping reduces fertilizer and pesticide cost* | 3.39 | 0.82 |
Intercropping creates a higher profit* | 3.11 | 0.82 |
Intercropping makes the land fully used in a growing season* | 3.44 | 0.80 |
Intercropping increases crop yield* | 3.32 | 0.82 |
III. Perception of management, technical, market issues | ||
ApplyEase (Perceive ease in implementing intercropping) | 3.07 | 1.04 |
MixedSeedAnimal (Perceived ability of using mixed seed yield as livestock fed) | 2.90 | 1.40 |
SeedSeparationCost (Perceived cost of mixed seed separation) | 3.39 | 1.08 |
MarketIssues (Perception of market issues) | ||
Demand for mixed seed yield* | 2.24 | 1.00 |
Price for mixed seed yield* | 2.31 | 0.96 |
The availability of seed separation technology* | 2.51 | 1.11 |